Back in the late 90's.. I want to say 98 or so I used to work on Campus for a few months at Micro Direct (small ass computer company) and high street flooded about like that after a quick storm. It was due to the sewers backing up and water started coming back up the the drain pipes. It was gone in less than 20 minutes.
It's actually happened in front of my house. Quick fast downpour and the drain pipes started backing up. water started coming past the sidewalk and I started to freak out. then 1/2 hour later, it was gone.