FYI...courthouse is closed on Monday due to Presidents Day.
Also do not put in a change of address request with the postal service. They can use that as proof you lived at that location, which it sounds like you didn't. Franklin county, and most other counties, have a website/phone number where you can get free legal advice. I don't know the name of it, but get on the Franklin County/Columbus BAR Association's website and I am sure there will be something there about it.
As far as I can see, you have no contractual agreement to pay the rent in the first place. No signed contract on the lease or with your friend, you should be free of any obligation.